AIM

This research centers on per pupil funding in Michigan. 

This research highlights how factors like race, property wealth, and school funding disparities can influence the quality of teachers assigned to different schools, ultimately impacting student outcomes. 

This research highlights how factors like race, property wealth, and school funding disparities can influence the quality of teachers assigned to different schools, ultimately impacting student outcomes. 

Michigan's public school funding model disproportionately affects districts serving high percentages of Black and under-resourced students, making it difficult to recruit and retain quality teachers. This inequity, rooted in historical funding structures, results in fewer educational opportunities for students in these districts.

An investigation to explain structural racism associated with Michigan public charter districts funding effort (2021). Caldwell, P., Smart, R., & Richardson, J.

Journal of Education Human Resources, 39(2), 165-183.
https://doi.org/10.3138/jehr-2020-0033

The Intersectionality of Educating Black Students in Michigan: Public School Finance, Racial Segregation, and Housing Policy (2023). Caldwell, P., Richardson, J., Smart, R., & Polega, M.

Journal of Education Human Resources, 40(4), 524-563. https://doi.org/10.3138/jehr-2021-0031 

The Crisis of Michigan’s Public School Funding and Its Influence on Human Resources Management (2023)

Smart, R., Caldwell, P., Richardson, J., & Sim, G.

Journal of Education Human Resources, 41(3); 477-513.
https://doi.org/10.3138/jehr-2021-0066